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2025 Vol.44, Issue 6 Preview Page

Research Article

Acoustic characteristics of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) whistle repertoire in Jeju Island

제주 남방큰돌고래 휘슬 레퍼토리의 음향학적 특성

Changsoo Kim1*
,
Sanghyeok Jang2
,
Dong-Guk Paeng2*
김 창수1*
,
장 상혁2
,
팽 동국2*
1제주대학교 기초과학연구소
2제주대학교 해양시스템공학과
*Corresponding Author
30 November 2025. pp. 647-654
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Abstract

Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) rely on whistles for communication and identity signaling. Yet, no systematic repertoire has been reported for the Jeju population. We collected 5,209 h of long-term underwater recordings off Yeongnak-ri, Jeju (2017–2023). A neural-network detector and duplication-handling workflow were applied. From 5,573 whistles, 349 non-duplicated classes were derived, including 120 signature whistles. Acoustic metrics differed with duplication control: start frequency, max frequency, center frequency, and freqeuncy range decreased, while end frequency increased. Signature whistles showed greater max and center frequency, wider frequency range, longer duration than non-signature whistles, but most metrics showed no significant difference. This study provides the first quantitative whistle repertoire of Jeju dolphins and a baseline for future studies on identification, abundance, and noise impact assessment.

Keywords
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin
Whistle repertoire
Acoustic characteristics
Jeju Island

남방큰돌고래(Tursiops aduncus)는 사회적 의사소통에서 휘슬을 주요하게 사용하며, 개체 인식에 중요한 시그니처 휘슬을 발달시킨다. 그러나 제주 연안 개체군의 휘슬 레퍼토리에 대한 체계적인 보고가 없다. 본 논문에서는 2017–2023년 제주 영락리 인근에서 총 5,209 h의 장기 수중음향 자료를 수집하고, 신경망 기반 탐지와 중복 처리 절차를 적용하여 제주 남방큰돌고래 휘슬 레퍼토리를 구축하였다. 총 5,573개 휘슬 중 349개 비 중복 클래스가 도출되었으며, 이 중 120개가 시그니처 휘슬로 확인되었다. 중복 처리 전/후 비교한 결과 시작, 최대, 중심 주파수와 주파수 범위는 감소하고 종료주파수는 증가하는 유의미한 차이가 나타나 중복 처리의 필요성을 입증하였다. 또한 시그니처 휘슬은 일반 휘슬보다 주파수 범위가 넓고, 지속 시간이 길고, 최고 및 중간 주파수가 높은 특징을 보였다. 본 논문은 제주 개체군의 휘슬 레퍼토리 특성을 처음으로 제시하여, 향후 개체 식별, 개체수 추정 및 서식지 소음에 따른 휘슬 레퍼토리 변화 연구의 기초자료를 제공한다.

키워드
남방큰돌고래
휘슬 레퍼토리
음향학적 특성
제주도
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Information
  • Publisher :The Acoustical Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국음향학회
  • Journal Title :The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국음향학회지
  • Volume : 44
  • No :6
  • Pages :647-654
  • Received Date : 2025-09-18
  • Revised Date : 2025-10-20
  • Accepted Date : 2025-11-06
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2025.44.6.647
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