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Evaluation of slab elastic modulus correction for the heavy weight floor impact sound prediction in apartment buildings

공동주택 중량충격음 예측을 위한 슬래브 탄성계수 보정에 관한 연구

Ji-Hoon Park1
,
Won-Hak Lee1*
,
Chan-Hoon Haan2
박 지훈1
,
이 원학1*
,
한 찬훈2
1한국건설생활환경시험연구원
2충북대학교 건축공학과
*Corresponding Author
31 July 2026. pp. 350-361
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Abstract

This study investigates the applicability of a floor impact sound prediction model to real apartment buildings by applying a calibrated slab elastic modulus obtained from laboratory conditions to field measurements. heavy weight impact sound data were collected from nine dwelling units in apartment buildings with floor areas of 59, 84, and 99 m2. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model was constructed based on representative floor plans, and numerical analyses were performed by varying the slab elastic modulus correction factor α (0.3, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0). The predicted results were compared with field measurements using frequency-band spectra, statistical metrics (correlation coefficient, root mean square error, bias, and maximum error), and the single-number rating Li,Fmax,AW. In the full frequency range of 50 Hz to 630 Hz, the optimal correction factor varied depending on the apartment type and evaluation metric, making it difficult to determine a single representative value. However, in the low-frequency range of 50 Hz to 200 Hz, better agreement was obtained at α = 0.8 for the 59 m2 type, α = 0.8 ~ 0.9 for the 84 m2 type, and α = 0.9 for the 99 m2 type, showing convergence within α = 0.8 ~ 0.9. In contrast, the single-number comparison showed the smallest difference at α = 1.0 for all apartment types. These results show that frequency-band agreement and single-number agreement reflect different aspects of the response characteristics. Therefore, both the evaluation metric and the frequency range should be considered when interpreting the slab elastic modulus correction factor.

Keywords
Apartment buildings
Heavy weight impact sound
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
Slab elastic modulus correction
Floating floor structure

본 연구는 공동주택 바닥충격음 예측 모델의 현장 적용 가능성을 검토하기 위하여, 실험실 조건에서 도출된 슬래브 탄성계수 보정 결과를 실제 공동주택 현장에 적용하고 그 적정 범위를 분석하였다. 전용면적 59 타입, 84 타입, 99 타입의 공동주택을 대상으로 각 타입별 3개 현장, 총 9개 세대의 중량충격음 실측 데이터를 수집하였으며, 대표 평면을 기반으로 유한요소 해석 모델을 구축하였다. 슬래브 탄성계수 보정계수 α를 0.3, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0으로 변화시키며 수치해석을 수행하고, 해석 결과와 실측 결과를 주파수 대역별 스펙트럼, 통계 지표(상관계수, 평균제곱근오차, 평균 편차, 최대 오차), 단일수치 (Li,Fmax,AW) 기준으로 비교하였다. 그 결과, 50 Hz ~ 630 Hz 전체 대역에서는 타입과 평가 지표에 따라 최적 α가 서로 다르게 나타나 단일 대표값으로 일반화하기 어려웠다. 반면 50 Hz ~ 200 Hz 저주파 대역에서는 59 타입에서 α = 0.8, 84 타입에서 α = 0.8 ~ 0.9, 99 타입에서 α = 0.9가 상대적으로 우수한 정합성을 보여, 전체적으로 α = 0.8 ~ 0.9 범위에서 비교적 안정적인 경향이 확인되었다. 한편 단일수치 비교에서는 세 타입 모두 α = 1.0 조건이 실측값과 가장 작은 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 주파수대역별 정합성과 단일수치 정합성이 서로 다른 응답 정보를 반영함을 보여준다. 따라서 슬래브 탄성계수 보정계수의 해석에서는 평가 지표와 주파수 범위를 함께 고려할 필요가 있다.

키워드
공동주택
중량충격음
유한요소해석(Finite Element Analysis, FEA)
슬래브 탄성계수 보정
뜬바닥구조
References
1

Statistics Korea, “2024 Population and housing census (Register-based Census),” Statistics Korea., 2024.

2

Analysis of Floor Impact Sound Complaints and Consultation Trends, https://floor.noiseinfo.or.kr/floornoise/home/statistics/all.do?utm_source=chatgpt.com, (Last viewed July 22, 2026).

3

Annual Report on Inter-floor Noise Counseling Center, https://floor.noiseinfo.or.kr/floornoise/home/statistics/all.do?utm_source=chatgpt.com, (Last viewed July 22, 2026).

4

D. H. Moon, Analysis of influence factors of floor impact sound in residential buildings, (Ph.D. thesis, Seoul National University, 2015).

5

Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea, “Audit report on the management system of inter-floor noise in apartments,” Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea, Rep., 2019.

6

Act No. 21447, Housing Act, 2026.

7

Act No. 21447, Multi-family Housing Management Act, 2026.

8

S. B. Lee, J. J. Kim, M. J. Kim, and K. S. Choi, “Prediction of heavy weight impact sound in apartment with floating floor structure using finite element analysis method” (in Korean), Trans. Korean Soc. Noise Vib. Eng. 33, 402-411 (2023).

10.5050/KSNVE.2023.33.4.402
9

D. H. Mun, “Prediction of heavy weight floor impact sound in multi-unit house by using finite-element analysis” (in Korean), J. Comput. Struct. Eng. Inst. Korea, 29, 17-23 (2016).

10

S. B. Lee, Experimental validation of dynamic properties in floating floor systems of apartment buildings for improved prediction of heavy weight impact sound, (Ph.D. thesis, University of Seoul, 2025).

11

KS F 2810-2, Acoustics – Field Measurement of Impact Sound Insulation of Buildings – Part 2: Method Using Standard Heavy Impact Sources, 2012.

12

KS F 2863-2, Rating of Floor Impact Sound Insulation for Impact Source in Buildings and of Building Elements – Part 2: Floor Impact Sound Insulation Against Standard Heavy Impact Source, 2017.

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A. M. Neville, Properties of Concrete, 5th Ed (Pearson, Harlow, 2011), pp. 1-846.

14

KDS 14 20 10, Concrete Structure Design Standard, 2022.

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ACI 318-19, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, 2019.

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KS F 4039, Cast-in-Place Foamed Concrete, 2024.

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KS F 2868, Determination of Dynamic Stiffness of Materials Used under Floating Floors in Dwellings, 2003.

Information
  • Publisher :The Acoustical Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국음향학회
  • Journal Title :The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국음향학회지
  • Volume : 45
  • No :4
  • Pages :350-361
  • Received Date : 2026-03-17
  • Revised Date : 2026-07-01
  • Accepted Date : 2026-07-13
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2026.45.4.350
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