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Multiple Audio Watermarking using Quantization Index Modulation on Frequency Phase and Magnitude Response

주파수 위상 응답과 크기 응답에 QIM을 이용한 다중 오디오 워터마킹

Yejin Seo1
,
Sangjin Cho1
,
Uipil Chong2*
서 예진1
,
조 상진1
,
정 의필2*
1울산대학교 전기공학부
2울산대학교 고래연구소
*Corresponding Author
31 January 2013. pp. 71-78
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Abstract

This paper describes a multiple audio watermarking using Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) on frequency phase and magnitude response. Proposed embedding procedure is composed of two stage. At the first stage, the watermark is embedded on the frequency phase response using QIM. In the second stage, the watermark is embedded using adaptive QIM with the step-size that is adaptively determined using the maximum value of the frequency magnitude response of every frame. The watermark is extracted by calculating the Euclidean distance as the blind detection. The proposed method is robust against most of attacks of audio watermark benchmarking. For the Fourier attacks, the proposed method shows over 95% recovery rate.

Keywords
Multiple audio watermarking
Frequency magnitude response
Frequency phase response
Quantization index modulation

본 논문에서는 주파수 위상 응답과 크기 응답에 QIM을 이용하여 워터마크를 삽입하는 다중 오디오 워터마킹을 제안한다. 워터마크 삽입은 두 단계로 나뉘며 주파수 영역에서 수행된다. 1단계에서는 주파수 위상 응답의 전체 샘플을 대상으로 QIM을 이용하여 워터마크를 삽입하고 2단계에서는 먼저 무음 구간 여부에 따라 워터마크를 삽입할 프레임을 정하고 해당 프레임에서 주파수 크기 응답의 최대값을 기준으로 정규화한 후 고정된 스텝사이즈를 적용하는 방법으로 적응적인 QIM을 구현하여 워터마크를 삽입한다. 워터마크 삽입 단계를 거친 주파수 위상 응답과 크기 응답을 역푸리에 변환을 통해 시간 영역의 신호로 복원한다. 워터마크 검출은 유클리디안 거리(Euclidean distance)를 이용하여 블라인드 검출 방식으로 수행된다. 오디오 워터마크 벤치마킹을 통한 강인성 검증에서 대부분 강인한 특성을 보였으며 특히 푸리에 공격에서 복원율은 95% 이상으로 매우 강인한 결과를 보였다.

키워드
다중 오디오 워터마킹
주파수 크기 응답
주파수 위상 응답
QIM
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Information
  • Publisher :The Acoustical Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국음향학회
  • Journal Title :The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국음향학회지
  • Volume : 32
  • No :1
  • Pages :71-78
  • Received Date : 2012-08-16
  • Revised Date : 2012-10-16
  • Accepted Date : 2012-12-14
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2013.32.1.071
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