Prediction of tire-induced pass-by noise of an electric vehicle using a hybrid method of simulation and test

Ji Woo Yoo; F. Di Marco; Min Kyoo Kang; Ki-Sang Chae; F. Climent; J. Horak; Tae Sik Kong

doi:10.7776/ASK.2025.44.1.040

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2025 Vol.44, Issue 1 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

Prediction of tire-induced pass-by noise of an electric vehicle using a hybrid method of simulation and test 시뮬레이션과 시험에 의한 하이브리드 기법을 이용한 전기자동차의 타이어 기인 외부소음 예측

31 January 2025. pp. 40-48

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Abstract

Pass-By noise (PBN) of a vehicle has been always important. Especially activation of R51-03 in Europe forces the noise should meet 68 dB for a vehicle newly produced since 2024. As an Electric Vehicle (EV) is getting important in the car market, particularly tire-induced noise is a major concern to meet PBN regulation. There are already substantial studies by major automotive manufacturers, but mostly based on experimental ones and a simulation-based study has hardly been attempted. In this context, this study tried to find an alternative method to reduce PBN, and so-called a hybrid method, a convenient approach to use test and simulation corresponding to source and transfer function respectively, is taken into account. Simulation models to give acoustic transfer function and acoustic source quantification by means of experimental approaches were combined. Different sound packages were considered and modelled for the simulation. The estimated noise curves seem to be reliable with good accuracy comparing with experimental results. Also, the study shows that this approach is useful because countermeasures can be handled explicitly to rank different sound packages.

Keywords

Pass-By Noise (PBN)

Electric Vehicle (EV)

Tire noise

Acoustic transfer function

Monopoles

Sound package

Hybrid method

차량 외부소음은 사람 귀에 민감한 대역의 소음으로, 전통적으로 중요한 문제로 여겨져 왔다. 특히 유로 법규 R51-03의 발효로 2024년 이후 새롭게 제작되는 승용차는 외부소음이 68 dB 이하가 되어야 하는 규정을 만족하여야 한다. 한편, 자동차 시장에서 전기자동차의 전략적인 중요도를 고려할 때, 외부소음 규제 만족을 위해 특히 타이어 기인 소음이 중요한 요소로 대두되었다. 중요 자동차 제작사들이 타이어 기인 외부 소음 문제에 대응하기 위해 이미 연구를 진행하고 있지만, 대부분은 시험에 기반한 연구들이고 시뮬레이션을 활용한 연구는 거의 찾아 보기 어렵다. 이런 맥락에서, 본 연구는 가진원과 전달계를 각각 시험과 시뮬레이션으로 대체하는 소위 하이브리드 기법을 이용한 외부 소음 해결 방법을 제안한다. 구체적으로, 음향전달함수 계산에 사용된 시뮬레이션 모델과, 시험에 의한 소음원 정량화 방법을 제안하였다. 차량외부에 부착된 흡차음재의 역할이 외부소음에 중요하므로 시뮬레이션 모델에는 다양한 형태의 흡차음재가 반영되었다. 본 연구에서 제시된 하이브리드 기법에 의한 계산값이 순수히 시험만으로 측정된 외부소음을 잘 예측함을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 이 방법이 외부소음 개선을 위한 흡차음재 선정에도 직접적으로 활용될 수 있음을 보였다.

키워드

외부소음

전기자동차

타이어 소음

음향전달함수

단음원

흡차음재

하이브리드 기법

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Information

Publisher :The Acoustical Society of Korea
Publisher(Ko) :한국음향학회
Journal Title :The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
Journal Title(Ko) :한국음향학회지
Volume : 44
No :1
Pages :40-48
Received Date : 2024-08-29
Accepted Date : 2024-11-25
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7776/ASK.2025.44.1.040

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of KoreaISSN:1225-4428(Print) 2287-3775(Online)한국음향학회

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